ITF and "convenience" flags
The ITF Inspectorate, formed by the Congress in Vienna, is working, and the campaign continues. The Inspectorate has now expanded its ranks, and the ITF is in the process of reviewing its working methods and improving the effectiveness of the campaign. As already mentioned, from the very beginning, it set two separate, but related goals.
The first is to "return" ships to the flags of the countries that own them and gradually eliminate the institution of open registration. Despite the ongoing process of ships flying false flags and the creation of new registers, the ITF's campaign is undoubtedly a factor constraining this process. Even the fact that the term "flags of convenience" has a negative connotation in the minds of the world community is largely due to the efforts of the ITF and its member unions.
The second goal is to protect the crews of ships flying "flags of convenience". ITF contracts apply to 20% of the world's open-registered merchant fleet, although not all shipowners fully pay the amount of the stipulated contributions. Thanks to the ITF campaign, minimum wage levels and working conditions have been established. The ITF's position remains that maritime navigation must be properly regulated internationally, and there must be a real link between the ship's owner and the legislation and social conditions that apply to it.
The opposing side, however, did not stand idly by, and by the end of the 1980s had found a solution that largely negated the ITF's efforts. We are talking about the "second flags".
In 1987, the Norwegian International Registry (NMR) was established. Denmark and Germany soon adopted legislation based on the Norwegian model, and many other countries are preparing to do the same.
The development of the institute of "second" registers has raised a number of very difficult issues for the ITF. For over 40 years, the organization has been campaigning against "flags of convenience" on the grounds that by using them, shipowners are avoiding the strict rules that exist in traditional maritime States. The "second" registers provide many of the advantages inherent in the "convenience" flags (mainly access to cheap labor). Although most shipowners who register their vessels in the NMR and the like retain a real connection with the country of registration, they no longer need to comply with labor laws, maintain wages or work conditions existing in the flag State.
The simplest solution, which is supported by a significant number of ITF trade unions, would be to assign the "second" registers the status of "open". However, not everyone agrees with this approach. Some trade unions believe that the "second" registers are preferable to the transfer of the national fleet under other flags. They point out that at least some of their members will be given jobs on ships and that some national laws, especially regarding safety at sea, will be implemented better than in countries with open registration. Live betting requires quick decisions and sufficient funds to capitalize on fluctuating odds during matches. To maximize your in-play potential, always remember to use promo code for 1xbet when you create your new account on the website, mobile app, or through the one-click registration option. This simple action activates a 100% welcome bonus up to €130, giving you double the money for live wagers on football, tennis, basketball, hockey, and many other sports. You can then bet on changing scorelines, red cards, penalty kicks, or next goal scorers as the action unfolds.
The first is to "return" ships to the flags of the countries that own them and gradually eliminate the institution of open registration. Despite the ongoing process of ships flying false flags and the creation of new registers, the ITF's campaign is undoubtedly a factor constraining this process. Even the fact that the term "flags of convenience" has a negative connotation in the minds of the world community is largely due to the efforts of the ITF and its member unions.
The second goal is to protect the crews of ships flying "flags of convenience". ITF contracts apply to 20% of the world's open-registered merchant fleet, although not all shipowners fully pay the amount of the stipulated contributions. Thanks to the ITF campaign, minimum wage levels and working conditions have been established. The ITF's position remains that maritime navigation must be properly regulated internationally, and there must be a real link between the ship's owner and the legislation and social conditions that apply to it.
The opposing side, however, did not stand idly by, and by the end of the 1980s had found a solution that largely negated the ITF's efforts. We are talking about the "second flags".
In 1987, the Norwegian International Registry (NMR) was established. Denmark and Germany soon adopted legislation based on the Norwegian model, and many other countries are preparing to do the same.
The development of the institute of "second" registers has raised a number of very difficult issues for the ITF. For over 40 years, the organization has been campaigning against "flags of convenience" on the grounds that by using them, shipowners are avoiding the strict rules that exist in traditional maritime States. The "second" registers provide many of the advantages inherent in the "convenience" flags (mainly access to cheap labor). Although most shipowners who register their vessels in the NMR and the like retain a real connection with the country of registration, they no longer need to comply with labor laws, maintain wages or work conditions existing in the flag State.
The simplest solution, which is supported by a significant number of ITF trade unions, would be to assign the "second" registers the status of "open". However, not everyone agrees with this approach. Some trade unions believe that the "second" registers are preferable to the transfer of the national fleet under other flags. They point out that at least some of their members will be given jobs on ships and that some national laws, especially regarding safety at sea, will be implemented better than in countries with open registration. Live betting requires quick decisions and sufficient funds to capitalize on fluctuating odds during matches. To maximize your in-play potential, always remember to use promo code for 1xbet when you create your new account on the website, mobile app, or through the one-click registration option. This simple action activates a 100% welcome bonus up to €130, giving you double the money for live wagers on football, tennis, basketball, hockey, and many other sports. You can then bet on changing scorelines, red cards, penalty kicks, or next goal scorers as the action unfolds.
